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The insurance industry has intensified its campaign for greater scrutiny of third-party litigation funding, with one of its most influential trade groups backing new federal legislation aimed squarely at disclosure.

An article in Insurance Journal reports that the American Property Casualty Insurance Association has thrown its support behind a proposed federal bill that would require parties in civil litigation to disclose the existence of litigation funding agreements. The legislation, which is currently being considered by the House Judiciary Committee, would mandate that courts be informed when a third party has a financial stake in the outcome of a lawsuit. Proponents argue that this information is essential for judges to understand who stands behind a claim and whether outside financial interests may be influencing litigation strategy.

APCIA framed its endorsement around long-standing concerns about rising litigation costs and what insurers describe as “social inflation.” According to the group, undisclosed litigation funding arrangements can drive up claim severity, prolong disputes, and ultimately increase costs for insurers and policyholders alike. By requiring transparency, APCIA believes courts would be better positioned to manage conflicts of interest, assess discovery disputes, and evaluate settlement dynamics.

The association has been an active voice in the national debate over litigation finance for several years, often aligning with other insurance and business groups calling for disclosure regimes at both the state and federal level. APCIA leadership emphasized that the proposed legislation is not intended to ban or restrict litigation funding outright, but rather to ensure that judges and opposing parties have visibility into financial relationships that could bear on a case.

The bill would apply broadly in federal courts and could have significant implications for how funded cases are litigated, particularly in complex commercial disputes and class actions where third-party capital is more common. Insurers view federal action as a way to establish consistency across jurisdictions, rather than relying on a patchwork of state rules and local practices.

Elite global law firms are increasingly declining to pursue massive claims against sovereign states, even when potential recoveries run into the billions. The trend reflects a reassessment inside Big Law of the risk, cost, and strategic value of investor state and public law disputes that can take years to resolve and often carry significant political and reputational complications.

An article in Law.com International reports that top-tier firms which once dominated investor state arbitration and other government facing disputes are now far more selective about taking on such matters. Lawyers interviewed for the piece point to a combination of commercial pressure, client demands, and internal firm dynamics that make these cases less attractive than they once were. Although headline damages can be enormous, the cases typically require years of work, large multidisciplinary teams, and significant upfront investment with no guarantee of recovery.

Another key factor is reputational risk. Firms are increasingly cautious about being seen as adversaries of governments, particularly in sensitive jurisdictions or disputes involving public policy, natural resources, or infrastructure. Partners noted that political backlash, enforcement uncertainty, and the potential impact on other client relationships all weigh heavily when firms decide whether to proceed.

The article also highlights that many corporate clients are less willing to bankroll these disputes directly. Budget scrutiny has intensified, and companies facing disputes with states are often reluctant to commit tens of millions in legal fees over a long time horizon. This dynamic has contributed to a rise in alternative fee arrangements and third party litigation funding, though even those tools do not fully offset the burden for law firms carrying significant work in progress.

As a result, specialist boutiques and arbitration focused firms are increasingly stepping into the space once dominated by global giants. These smaller players often have lower overhead, deeper niche expertise, and a greater tolerance for the long timelines associated with sovereign disputes.

Litigation funding in the Middle East and North Africa is expected to move decisively into the mainstream by 2026, as regulatory clarity, arbitration reform, and growing commercial awareness reshape how disputes are financed across the region. What was once viewed as a niche or unfamiliar concept is increasingly being recognized as a practical tool for managing risk, unlocking claims value, and improving access to justice in complex commercial matters.

An article in WinJustice Knowledge Hub outlines how litigation funding is evolving into a recognized asset class within the MENA legal ecosystem. The piece highlights how improved regulatory environments and more sophisticated arbitration frameworks are helping normalize third-party funding, particularly in international arbitration and cross-border disputes. Claims are increasingly assessed not simply as legal battles, but as financial assets that can be monetized and strategically managed. This shift is especially relevant for businesses facing capital constraints or seeking to preserve cash while pursuing high-value disputes.

The article also emphasizes the role of localized expertise in accelerating adoption. WinJustice positions itself as a regional player focused on aligning international funding practices with local legal cultures, court systems, and arbitration centers. By working closely with regional law firms and dispute resolution institutions, funders are helping bridge the gap between global capital and local claimants. Insolvency-related disputes and asset recovery cases are identified as particular areas of growth, reflecting broader economic and restructuring trends across the region.

As litigation funding becomes more familiar to courts, counsel, and corporate clients, the MENA market appears poised for accelerated growth. Increased competition among funders and greater sophistication among claimants may also lead to more standardized pricing and structures.

The debate over whether consumer legal funding should be classified as a loan continues to surface in regulatory and policy circles, but legal doctrine and economic analysis consistently point in the opposite direction. Consumer legal funding is a non-recourse financial transaction tied to the outcome of a legal claim. If the consumer does not recover in their case, they owe nothing. This defining feature alone places the product outside the traditional boundaries of consumer lending, which requires repayment regardless of outcome and typically involves credit underwriting, collateral, and enforceable debt obligations.

An article in the National Law Review explains that courts and legislatures across the United States have repeatedly recognized this distinction. Rather than viewing consumer legal funding as borrowed money, courts have treated these arrangements as the purchase of a contingent interest in a future settlement or judgment. Because repayment is entirely dependent on case success, judges have found that the economic substance of the transaction does not resemble a loan, nor does it fit neatly within existing consumer credit frameworks.

Judicial decisions from multiple jurisdictions underscore this point. Courts have emphasized that consumers face no personal liability, no collection efforts, and no obligation to repay from their own assets. These factors are incompatible with the legal definition of a loan, which presumes a fixed obligation to repay principal and interest. As a result, attempts to recharacterize consumer legal funding as lending have largely failed when scrutinized under established legal standards.

From an economic perspective, consumer legal funding plays a distinct role in the civil justice system. It provides liquidity to plaintiffs who may be facing prolonged litigation and financial pressure, often helping them avoid accepting premature or undervalued settlements. Treating these transactions as loans could impose regulatory requirements that are poorly suited to non-recourse funding and risk limiting consumer access to a product designed to mitigate imbalance between individual plaintiffs and well-resourced defendants.

Pogust Goodhead, the high-profile claimant law firm behind a number of major group actions, has warned of material uncertainty over its ability to continue as a going concern after publishing long-overdue financial accounts. The disclosure adds another layer of scrutiny to a firm that has been at the centre of some of the largest and most complex funded claims currently working their way through the courts.

An article in City A.M. reports that Pogust Goodhead filed its accounts for the year ending December 31, 2022 well past the statutory deadline, with the documents including a statement from directors acknowledging significant financial uncertainty. According to the filing, the firm remains dependent on securing additional funding and successfully progressing large-scale litigation in order to meet its obligations as they fall due.

The accounts show that Pogust Goodhead continues to operate at a loss, reflecting the capital-intensive nature of large group actions that can take years to reach resolution. The firm has been involved in headline cases, including environmental and consumer claims, where substantial upfront legal costs are incurred long before any recovery is realised. Directors noted that delays, adverse rulings, or difficulties in accessing external capital could materially affect the firm’s financial position.

Despite these warnings, the firm stated that it is actively engaged with funders and other stakeholders and believes there is a reasonable prospect of obtaining sufficient support to continue operations. The accounts were prepared on a going concern basis, although auditors highlighted the uncertainty as a key area of emphasis rather than issuing a qualification.

The disclosure comes at a time when claimant firms and their funders are facing heightened scrutiny from regulators, politicians, and critics of litigation finance. Financial transparency, funding arrangements, and risk allocation between law firms and third-party capital providers are increasingly under the spotlight, particularly in the context of large, cross-border group actions.

A new trade association has launched with the goal of giving the litigation finance industry a stronger and more coordinated voice in Washington as lawmakers renew scrutiny of third-party funding. The American Civil Accountability Alliance has been formed to push back against what its founders describe as growing political and legislative hostility toward litigation finance, particularly on Capitol Hill.

An article in Bloomberg Law reports that the alliance was announced in early January by lawyers Erick Robinson and Charles Silver, who say the organization will focus on educating lawmakers and policymakers about the role litigation funding plays in promoting access to justice. According to the founders, third-party capital allows plaintiffs to pursue complex and costly claims that would otherwise be financially out of reach, helping to balance disparities between individual or corporate claimants and well-resourced defendants.

The group is launching at a time when litigation finance has faced an uptick in proposed regulation. In 2024, Senate legislation nearly imposed a steep tax on litigation funding profits, a proposal that funders warned would have severely damaged the industry had it passed. Although that measure was ultimately removed from a broader legislative package, additional proposals continue to circulate in Congress, including bills aimed at mandating disclosure of funding arrangements and restricting foreign investment in U.S. litigation.

The American Civil Accountability Alliance plans to position itself as an active counterweight to these efforts. The organization intends to hire a Washington-based lobbyist and expand its membership beyond funders to include law firms, litigators, and other stakeholders involved in the civil justice system. In doing so, it joins the International Legal Finance Association as one of the few organized advocacy groups representing the industry’s interests at the federal level.

Legal Bay has praised New York Governor Kathy Hochul for signing the New York Litigation Funding Act into law, describing the legislation as a landmark step that finally provides a clear regulatory framework for consumer litigation funding in the state. The new law represents a significant development for an industry that has operated for years amid legal uncertainty in one of the country’s most active litigation markets.

A Legal Bay press release notes that the legislation establishes a comprehensive set of consumer protections and regulatory standards governing litigation funding transactions in New York. Legal Bay characterized the law as the product of more than two decades of policy development and sustained advocacy efforts by industry participants and consumer access to justice groups. The company emphasized that the statute provides long needed clarity by formally recognizing consumer litigation funding as a non recourse financial transaction rather than a traditional loan.

Under the new framework, funded plaintiffs are only required to repay advances if they obtain a recovery in their legal claims. Supporters of the law argue that this distinction is critical in protecting consumers from additional financial risk while ensuring that individuals with meritorious claims are able to cover basic living expenses during the often lengthy litigation process. Legal Bay highlighted that litigation funding can help plaintiffs avoid accepting early settlements driven by financial pressure rather than the merits of their cases.

Legal Bay also acknowledged the role played by New York lawmakers in advancing the legislation through the state legislature, noting that the law strikes a balance between consumer protection and preserving access to funding. According to the company, the statute promotes transparency, fairness, and stability in a market that continues to grow in both size and sophistication.

Invenio has announced the addition of John J. Hanley as a partner, bolstering the firm’s bench in litigation finance, claim monetization, and structured finance. Hanley joins Invenio with a practice that sits squarely at the intersection of complex commercial litigation and sophisticated financial structuring, advising a wide spectrum of market participants including litigation funders, claimholders, law firms, hedge funds, investment funds, and specialty finance providers.

According to Invenio's website, Hanley brings a particular focus on structuring, negotiating, and executing advanced funding arrangements across the full litigation finance lifecycle. His experience spans single-case funding, portfolio transactions, and bespoke claim monetization structures, with a notable specialization in prepaid forward purchase agreements. In addition, Hanley has advised extensively on secured lending transactions involving banks, commercial lenders, and alternative capital providers—experience that aligns closely with the hybrid legal-financial nature of modern litigation funding deals.

A post on LinkedIn announcing the move highlights that Hanley’s practice is designed to support both the capital side and the legal side of funded disputes, an increasingly important capability as funding arrangements grow more complex and interconnected with broader capital markets. His background enables him to navigate not only the legal risks inherent in funding structures, but also the financial and regulatory considerations that sophisticated investors expect to see addressed at the outset of a transaction.